Last updated on: 8/20/2020 | Author: ProCon.org

State-by-State Energy Use

Each US state relies on fossil fuels, nuclear, and renewable energy in different proportions. Texas, for example used the most of all fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum) in 2018, but is also the top consumer of wind power. California consumed the most biomass, geothermal, and solar power, while Washington used the most hydroelectric power and Illinois the most nuclear power.

Below, find tables and charts detailing each states’ use of each source of energy in 2018 (the most recent available data), as well as total energy consumption as compared to the states’ populations in 2018.

For energy use by the country as a whole, please see “United States Energy Use by Source.”


2018 State-by State Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption

(trillions of Btu)

According to the US Energy Information Administration, “A British thermal unit (Btu) is a measure of the heat content of fuels or energy sources. It is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of liquid water by 1 degree Fahrenheit at the temperature that water has its greatest density (approximately 39 degrees Fahrenheit).”

StateCoalNatural GasPetroleumTotal Fossil Fuels
Alabama377.2770.9519.61667.6
Alaska17.3346.3221.2584.8
Arizona331.5400.6539.51,271.6
Arkansas304.1366.9329.91,001.0
California33.32,207.43,512.85,753.5
Colorado284.5519.6501.01,305.1
Connecticut4.0286.0312.7602.7
Delaware4.399.4109.4213.1
DC0.032.619.051.7
Florida327.81,511.11,688.03,526.9
Georgia340.2759.3876.31,975.8
Hawaii14.40.2247.2261.8
Idaho2.8115.8180.8299.4
Illinois704.61,127.51,228.63,060.6
Indiana985.7890.4741.12,617.2
Iowa325.7431.5413.41,170.5
Kansas227.7321.4345.6894.6
Kentucky655.9356.5604.11,616.5
Louisiana137.81,860.71,897.03,895.5
Maine2.148.4173.6224.1
Maryland124.2313.0448.5885.7
Massachusetts0.1452.6561.51,014.2
Michigan506.11,010.8877.42,394.3
Minnesota261.5514.5582.61,358.6
Mississippi60.0591.4465.21,116.6
Missouri668.2329.8610.71,608.7
Montana152.390.8172.7415.8
Nebraska264.1196.4242.3702.8
Nevada35.0310.8259.8605.6
New Hampshire7.851.5155.2214.4
New Jersey16.7799.6935.11,751.4
New Mexico136.8281.2259.4677.4
New York16.71,393.71,328.92,739.3
North Carolina325.1599.3838.41,762.8
North Dakota407.3130.5189.9727.6
Ohio717.81,211.91,110.53,040.2
Oklahoma171.3834.6538.71,544.5
Oregon16.9271.3332.9621.1
Pennsylvania644.11,513.21,203.23,360.4
Rhode Island0.0104.784.4189.2
South Carolina205.2336.8529.41,071.4
South Dakota27.695.5114.4237.6
Tennessee251.8403.5719.51,374.8
Texas1,189.34,564.16,998.912,752.2
Utah273.1253.5303.4830.0
Vermont0.014.276.390.6
Virginia149.3666.9776.41,592.6
Washington61.2334.8801.31,197.2
West Virginia661.8222.9218.61,103.2
Wisconsin362.1565.3543.11,470.4
Wyoming455.7174.9162.6793.2
United States13,250.031,086.436,901.681,212.3

2018 State-by State Nuclear Energy Consumption

(trillions of Btu)

StateNuclear
Alabama412.6
Alaska0.0
Arizona325.1
Arkansas133
California190.4
Colorado0.0
Connecticut176.5
Delaware0.0
DC0.0
Florida306.5
Georgia359.3
Hawaii0.0
Idaho0.0
Illinois1,025.7
Indiana0.0
Iowa51.2
Kansas95.9
Kentucky0.0
Louisiana179.3
Maine0.0
Maryland156.7
Massachusetts46.4
Michigan318.7
Minnesota152.7
Mississippi72.3
Missouri111.4
Montana0.0
Nebraska58.9
Nevada0.0
New Hampshire105.2
New Jersey334.4
New Mexico0.0
New York448.7
North Carolina439.9
North Dakota0.0
Ohio191.5
Oklahoma0.0
Oregon0.0
Pennsylvania872.7
Rhode Island0.0
South Carolina551.2
South Dakota0.0
Tennessee378.2
Texas430.6
Utah0.0
Vermont0.0
Virginia305.8
Washington101.5
West Virginia0.0
Wisconsin105.9
Wyoming0.0
United States8,438.1

2018 State-by State Renewable Energy Consumption

(trillions of Btu)

StateHydroelectricBiomassGeothermalSolarWindTotal Renewable Energy
Alabama101.4193.40.13.40.0298.4
Alaska15.28.20.20.01.425.0
Arizona63.638.90.370.84.8178.5
Arkansas27.493.50.82.10.0123.8
California239.7296.9108.4381.7127.71154.5
Colorado16.643.20.815.388.7164.6
Connecticut5.138.70.06.50.150.4
Delaware0.06.10.41.50.08.0
DC0.02.00.00.70.02.7
Florida2.1251.810.153.50.0317.5
Georgia33.7247.50.321.00.0302.4
Hawaii0.910.71.013.15.531.1
Idaho100.446.72.35.424.2178.9
Illinois1.3170.32.02.7108.3284.7
Indiana2.0126.04.63.749.5185.9
Iowa8.4258.11.31.3194.2463.4
Kansas0.246.61.00.3172.1220.3
Kentucky40.258.42.70.70.0102.1
Louisiana10.7140.21.82.20.0155.0
Maine29.7108.20.10.821.7160.4
Maryland25.847.40.611.55.290.4
Massachusetts10.363.80.928.22.0105.2
Michigan14.3179.05.22.349.7250.4
Minnesota9.6183.51.110.497.5302.2
Mississippi0.072.81.03.10.076.8
Missouri7.571.80.43.025.8108.5
Montana103.822.80.30.519.6147.1
Nebraska12.6128.81.20.450.5193.5
Nevada17.115.733.148.62.8117.3
New Hampshire12.345.00.01.13.762.1
New Jersey0.357.70.528.20.286.9
New Mexico1.423.10.514.855.595.2
New York269.8165.21.217.736.4490.3
North Carolina60.1149.31.057.84.9273.2
North Dakota29.032.91.00.097.7160.5
Ohio2.2134.23.42.815.9158.6
Oklahoma18.549.80.00.7248.9317.9
Oregon322.795.02.88.567.8496.8
Pennsylvania38.8172.62.25.132.5251.2
Rhode Island0.07.30.11.21.410.0
South Carolina27.4128.50.66.90.0163.5
South Dakota57.064.81.90.025.8149.5
Tennessee93.7109.30.22.40.4206.0
Texas10.3270.82.536.3689.21,009.0
Utah8.416.94.923.97.261.3
Vermont11.527.00.02.33.444.2
Virginia16.1155.51.78.20.0181.5
Washington736.4145.91.11.571.9956.8
West Virginia16.820.60.00.116.153.7
Wisconsin21.8161.00.61.314.9199.6
Wyoming8.98.40.70.136.954.9
United States2,663.15,011.7208.9915.52,482.411,281.6


State-by State Population v. Energy Consumption

(energy totals are trillions of Btu)

*Total energy use includes electricity net gains/losses due to interstate electricity flow and electricity traded with Canada and Mexico, and thus may not equal the fossil fuel energy added to the alternative energy total.

StatePopulationTotal Energy
Consumption
Total Fossil Fuel Energy
Consumption
Total Alternative Energy
Consumption

(renewable and nuclear energy)
Alabama4,887,6811,954.81,667.6711.0
Alaska735,139609.8584.825.0
Arizona7,158,0241,487.81,271.6503.6
Arkansas3,009,7331,119.71001.0256.8
California39,461,5887,966.65,753.51,344.9
Colorado5,691,2871,513.31,305.1164.6
Connecticut3,571,520753.0602.7226.9
Delaware965,479290.3213.18.0
DC701,547174.551.72.7
Florida21,244,3174,281.33,526.9624.0
Georgia10,511,1312,876.11,975.8661.7
Hawaii1,420,593292.9261.831.1
Idaho1,750,536553.3299.4178.9
Illinois12,723,0714012.03,060.61310.4
Indiana6,695,4972,837.62,617.2185.9
Iowa3,148,6181,616.11,170.5514.6
Kansas2,911,3591,134.5894.6316.2
Kentucky4,461,1531,743.91,616.5102.1
Louisiana4,659,6904403.23,895.5334.3
Maine1,339,057395.3224.1160.4
Maryland6,035,8021,361.2885.7247.1
Massachusetts6,882,6351,458.61,014.2151.6
Michigan9,984,0722,894.22,394.3569.1
Minnesota5,606,2491,913.91,358.6454.9
Mississippi2,981,0201192.71,116.6149.1
Missouri6,121,6231847.81,608.7219.9
Montana1,060,665435.2415.8147.1
Nebraska1,925,614914.6702.8252.4
Nevada3,027,341727.2605.6117.3
New Hampshire1,353,465324.7214.4167.3
New Jersey8,886,0252,240.71,751.4421.3
New Mexico2,092,741702.8677.495.2
New York19,530,3513,854.22739.3939.0
North Carolina10,381,6152,616.11,762.8713.1
North Dakota758,080661.0727.6160.5
Ohio11,676,3413,755.93,040.2350.1
Oklahoma3,940,2351,706.51,544.5317.9
Oregon4,181,8861,012.2621.1496.8
Pennsylvania12,800,9223,961.63,360.41,123.9
Rhode Island1,058,287197.4189.210.0
South Carolina5,084,1561,671.81071.4714.7
South Dakota878,698396.8237.6149.5
Tennessee6,771,6312,255.91,374.8584.2
Texas28,628,66614,258.812,752.21,439.6
Utah3,153,550835.1830.061.3
Vermont624,358139.290.644.2
Virginia8,501,2862,401.21,592.6487.3
Washington7,523,8692,078.71,197.21,058.3
West Virginia1,804,291832.91,103.253.7
Wisconsin5,807,4061,885.91,470.4305.5
Wyoming577,601558.6793.254.9
United States326,687,501101,083.681,212.319,719.7

Sources:

US Census Bureau, “Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019 (NST-EST2019-01),” census.gov, Dec. 2019

US Energy Information Administration, “State Energy Consumption Estimates, 1960 through 2018,” eia.gov, June 2020

US Energy Information Administration, “Table C3. Primary Energy Consumption Estimates, 2018 (Trillion Btu),” eia.gov (accessed Aug. 19, 2020)

US Energy Information Administration, “Units and Calculators Explained: British Thermal Units (Btu),” eia.gov, June 4, 2020