Chart of Energy Use by State and by Source, 2008 - Alternative Energy

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Last updated on: 6/24/2011 1:09:24 PM PST

Chart of Energy Use by State and by Source, 2008

I.	Introduction	IV.	Btu Conversion Chart
II.	State by State Energy Use by Source, 2008	V.	Additional Reports on Energy
III.	US Total Energy Use by Source, 2004-2008	VI.	Related Links

I. Introduction

Coal electricity plant in Black Mesa, AZ
Source: www.blackmesais.org (accessed Feb. 11, 2009)

In 2008 the US relied on fossil fuels in the form of coal, natural gas, and petroleum to supply 83.5% of its energy needs, down 2.75% from 2004. Renewable energy, such as wind, solar, and biofuels, accounted for 7.4% of US energy needs in 2008, up 1.1% from 2004.

The charts below detail US energy consumption by source (coal, natural gas, nuclear, renewable, etc.) and by state. They also provide state population numbers to put each state's energy use into a national perspective. For example, in Chart II the 2008 population of Texas (24,326,974) is 8.0% of the US population, while its energy use (11,552.2 trillion Btu) is 11.6% of the US total.

As of June 2011, the state totals for 2008 are the most recent numbers available from the US Energy Information Agency (EIA). To view the state by state totals from 2006 please click here.

II. State by State Energy Use by Source, 2008 (All Btu numbers below taken from US Energy Information Agency)

State	Population (% of US population)	Total Energy Use (Trillion Btu) (% of total US energy use)	Sources of Energy (Trillion Btu)
State	Population (% of US population)		Coal	Natural Gas	Oil	Nuclear	Renewable1	Net Gains/ Losses2	Net Electricity Imports
1. Alabama	4,661,900 (1.5%)	2,065.0 (2.1%)	842.8	420.4	594.0	407.6	238.9	-438.7	0.0
1. Alabama	4,661,900 (1.5%)	2,065.0 (2.1%)	40.8%	20.4%	28.8%	19.7%	11.6%	-21.2%	0.0%
2. Alaska	686,293 (0.2%)	650.8 (0.7%)	14.7	343.9	276.9	0.0	15.2	0.0	0.0
2. Alaska	686,293 (0.2%)	650.8 (0.7%)	2.3%	52.8%	42.5%	0.0%	2.3%	0.0%	0.0%
3. Arizona	6,500,180 (2.1%)	1,552.8 (1.6%)	458.7	410.3	555.9	305.8	118.8	-295.8	-0.9
3. Arizona	6,500,180 (2.1%)	1,552.8 (1.6%)	29.5%	26%	35.8%	19.7%	7.7%	-19%	-0.1%
4. Arkansas	2,855,390 (0.9%)	1,124.7 (1.1%)	278.8	238.4	373.6	148.1	121.4	-35.7	0.0
4. Arkansas	2,855,390 (0.9%)	1,124.7 (1.1%)	24.8%	21.2%	33.2%	13.2%	10.8%	-3.2%	0.0%
5. California	36,756,666 (12.0%)	8,381.5 (8.4%)	63.1	2,520.6	3,651.0	339.5	830.0	960.9	16.4
5. California	36,756,666 (12.0%)	8,381.5 (8.4%)	0.7%	30.1%	43.6%	4.1%	10.0%	11.5%	0.2%
6. Colorado	4,939,456 (1.6%)	1,498.1 (1.5%)	385.4	508.5	496.2	0.0	81.7	26.2	0.0
6. Colorado	4,939,456 (1.6%)	1,498.1 (1.5%)	25.7%	33.9%	33.1%	0.0%	5.5%	1.7%	0.0%
7. Connecticut	3,501,252 (1.2%)	809.9 (0.8%)	45.2	169.8	352.0	161.3	39.8	34.8	6.9
7. Connecticut	3,501,252 (1.2%)	809.9 (0.8%)	5.6%	30.0%	43.5%	20.0%	5.0%	4.3%	0.9%
8. Delaware	873,092 (0.3%)	295.3 (0.3%)	60.9	49.8	124.7	0.0	6.7	53.2	0.0
8. Delaware	873,092 (0.3%)	295.3 (0.3%)	20.6%	16.9%	42.2%	0.0%	2.3%	18%	0.0%
9. DC	591,833 (0.2%)	180.4 (0.2%)	0.4	32.8	19.0	0.0	1.6	126.6	0.0
9. DC	591,833 (0.2%)	180.4 (0.2%)	0.2%	18.1%	10.5%	0.0%	0.9%	70.1%	0.0%
10. Florida	18,328,340 (6.0%)	4,447.4 (4.5%)	693.2	970.2	1,795.2	335.9	257.4	431.6	0.0
10. Florida	18,328,340 (6.0%)	4,447.4 (4.5%)	15.6%	21.8%	40.4%	7.6%	5.8%	9.7%	0.0%
11. Georgia	9,685,744 (3.2%)	3,015.4 (3.0%)	885.8	436.6	1,001.5	331.3	208.2	152.0	0.0
11. Georgia	9,685,744 (3.2%)	3,015.4 (3.0%)	29.3%	14.5%	33.2%	11.0%	6.9%	5.0%	0.0%
12. Hawaii	1,288,198 (0.4%)	283.8 (0.3%)	20.2	0.1	241.2	0.0	22.2	0.0	0.0
12. Hawaii	1,288,198 (0.4%)	283.8 (0.3%)	7.1%	0.0%	85.0%	0.0%	7.8%	0.0%	0.0%
13. Idaho	1,523,816 (0.5%)	529.3 (0.5%)	8.6	90.7	156.3	0.0	126.7	147.2	-0.1
13. Idaho	1,523,816 (0.5%)	529.3 (0.5%)	1.6%	17.1%	29.5%	0.0%	23.9%	27.8%	0.0%
14. Illinois	12,901,563 (4.2%)	4,088.7 (4.1%)	1,103.2	1,003.3	1324.1	994.6	175.8	-512.3	0.1
14. Illinois	12,901,563 (4.2%)	4,088.7 (4.1%)	27.0%	24.5%	32.4%	24.3%	4.3%	-12.5%	0.0%
15. Indiana	6,376,792 (2.1%)	2,857.4 (2.9%)	1,558.1	555.5	813.7	0.0	101.8	-171.4	-0.3
15. Indiana	6,376,792 (2.1%)	2,857.4 (2.9%)	54.5%	19.4%	28.5%	0.0%	3.6%	-6.0%	0.0%
16. Iowa	3,002,555 (1.0%)	1,414.4 (1.4%)	485.2	292.0	419.2	55.2	218.3	-55.5	0.0
16. Iowa	3,002,555 (1.0%)	1,414.4 (1.4%)	34.3%	20.6%	29.6%	3.9%	15.4%	-3.9%	0.0%
17. Kansas	2,802,134 (0.9%)	1,135.6 (1.1%)	371.8	292.5	398.5	88.8	62.0	-78.0	0.0
17. Kansas	2,802,134 (0.9%)	1,135.6 (1.1%)	32.7%	25.8%	35.1%	7.8%	5.5%	-6.7%	0.0%
18. Kentucky	4,269,245 (1.4%)	1,982.8 (2.0%)	1,024.8	233.2	682.2	0.0	67.6	-25.0	0.0
18. Kentucky	4,269,245 (1.4%)	1,982.8 (2.0%)	51.7%	11.8%	34.4%	0.0%	3.4%	-1.3%	0.0%
19. Louisiana	4,410,796 (1.5%)	3,487.5 (3.5%)	262.5	1,359.8	1,445.9	160.7	112.7	146.0	0.0
19. Louisiana	4,410,796 (1.5%)	3,487.5 (3.5%)	7.5%	39.0%	41.5%	4.6%	3.2%	4.2%	0.0%
20. Maine	1,316,456 (0.4%)	469.3 (0.5%)	5.9	65.0	206.2	0.0	182.7	6.0	3.5
20. Maine	1,316,456 (0.4%)	469.3 (0.5%)	1.3%	13.9%	44%	0.0%	38.9%	1.3%	0.7%
21. Maryland	5,633,597 (1.9%)	1,446.9 (1.5%)	309.3	203.2	519.5	153.4	65.9	195.5	0.0
21. Maryland	5,633,597 (1.9%)	1,446.9 (1.5%)	21.4%	14.0%	35.9%	10.6%	4.6%	13.5%	0.0%
22..Massachusetts	6,497,967 (2.1%)	1,475.0 (1.5%)	106.9	382.3	638.4	61.3	66.3	205.9	13.8
22..Massachusetts	6,497,967 (2.1%)	1,475.0 (1.5%)	7.2%	25.9%	43.3%	4.2%	4.5%	14%	0.9%
23. Michigan	10,003,422 (3.3%)	2,918.3 (3.0%)	800.0	797.3	880.6	329.1	151.2	-47.8	7.9
23. Michigan	10,003,422 (3.3%)	2,918.3 (3.0%)	27.4%	27.3%	30.2%	11.3%	5.2%	1.6%	0.3%
24. Minnesota	5,220,393 (1.7%)	1,979.1 (2.0%)	359.4	410.4	716.6	135.9	179.3	151.0	26.5
24. Minnesota	5,220,393 (1.7%)	1,979.1 (2.0%)	18.2%	20.7%	36.2%	7%	9%	7.6%	1.3%
25. Mississippi	2,938,618 (1.0%)	1,185.6 (1.2%)	177.2	364.2	426.8	98.2	50.3	68.8	0.0
25. Mississippi	2,938,618 (1.0%)	1,185.6 (1.2%)	14.9%	30.7%	36.0%	8.3%	4.2%	5.8%	0.0%
State	Population (% of US population)	Total Energy Use (Trillion Btu) (% of total US energy use)	Sources of Energy (Trillion Btu)
State	Population (% of US population)	Total Energy Use (Trillion Btu) (% of total US energy use)	Coal	Natural Gas	Oil	Nuclear	Renewable1	Net Gains/ Losses2	Net Electricity Imports
26. Missouri	5,911,605 (1.9%)	1,937.0 (1.9%)	792.9	298.1	695.4	98.0	75.9	-24.0	0.7
26. Missouri	5,911,605 (1.9%)	1,937.0 (1.9%)	40.9%	15.4%	35.9%	5.1%	3.9%	-1.2%	0.0%
27. Montana	967,440 (0.3%)	434.3 (0.4%)	203.3	77.6	181.3	0.0	123.1	-150.2	-0.8
27. Montana	967,440 (0.3%)	434.3 (0.4%)	46.8%	17.9%	41.7%	0.0%	28.3%	34.6%	0.2%
28. Nebraska	1,783,432 (0.6%)	781.9 (0.8%)	234.7	169.4	221.4	99.1	87.2	-29.8	0.0
28. Nebraska	1,783,432 (0.6%)	781.9 (0.8%)	30.0%	21.7%	28.3%	12.7%	11.6%	3.8%	0.0%
29. Nevada	2,600,167 (0.9%)	750.1 (0.8%)	88.6	274.9	264.1	0.0	64.2	58.1	0.1
29. Nevada	2,600,167 (0.9%)	750.1 (0.8%)	11.8%	36.6%	35.2%	0.0%	8.6%	7.7%	0.0%
30..New.Hampshire	1,315,809 (0.4%)	311.3 (0.3%)	40.2	73.3	164.5	97.7	41.7	-109.1	2.8
30..New.Hampshire	1,315,809 (0.4%)	311.3 (0.3%)	12.9%	23.5%	52.8%	31.3%	13.4%	35%	0.9%
31. New Jersey	8,682,661 (2.9%)	2,673.1 (2.7%)	97.7	634.7	1,271.7	336.5	55.9	240.6	0.0
31. New Jersey	8,682,661 (2.9%)	2,673.1 (2.7%)	3.7%	23.7%	47.6%	12.6%	2.1%	9.0%	0.0%
32. New Mexico	1,984,356 (0.7%)	693.3 (0.7%)	284.3	250.9	263.8	0.0	30.2	-135.7	-0.3
32. New Mexico	1,984,356 (0.7%)	693.3 (0.7%)	41.0%	36.2%	38.0%	0.0%	4.4%	19.6%	0.0%
33. New York	19,490,297 (6.4%)	3,988.1 (4%)	229.0	1,204.9	1,524.3	451.7	425.4	107.5	45.4
33. New York	19,490,297 (6.4%)	3,988.1 (4%)	5.7%	30.2%	38.2%	11.3%	10.7%	2.7%	1.1%
34. North Carolina	9,222,414 (3.0%)	2,702.2 (2.3%)	794.7	249.7	928.4	415.8	167.2	146.5	0.0
34. North Carolina	9,222,414 (3.0%)	2,702.2 (2.3%)	29.4%	9.2%	34.4%	15.4%	6.2%	5.4%	0.0%
35. North Dakota	641,481 (0.2%)	440.9 (0.4%)	424.6	60.5	138.4	0.0	44.4	-229.8	2.8
35. North Dakota	641,481 (0.2%)	440.9 (0.4%)	96.3%	13.7%	31.4%	0.0%	10.1%	52.1%	0.6%
36. Ohio	11,485,910 (3.8%)	3,987.0 (4.0%)	1,438.4	823.6	1,263.3	183.1	115.2	163.4	0.0
36. Ohio	11,485,910 (3.8%)	3,987.0 (4.0%)	36.1%	20.7%	31.7%	4.6%	2.9%	4.1%	0.0%
37. Oklahoma	3,642,361 (1.2%)	1,603.4 (1.6%)	391.7	691.2	558.1	0.0	87.1	-124.8	0.0
37. Oklahoma	3,642,361 (1.2%)	1,603.4 (1.6%)	24.4%	43.1%	34.8%	0.0%	5.4%	-7.8%	0.0%
38. Oregon	3,790,060 (1.2%)	1,104.7 (1.1%)	41.4	274.7	364.0	0.0	416.7	6.8	1.1
38. Oregon	3,790,060 (1.2%)	1,104.7 (1.1%)	3.7%	24.8%	33.0%	0.0%	37.7%	0.6%	0.1%
39. Pennsylvania	12,448,279 (4.1%)	3,899.7 (3.9%)	1,421.1	778.3	1,346.8	822.2	140.3	-610.9	1.8
39. Pennsylvania	12,448,279 (4.1%)	3,899.7 (3.9%)	36.4%	20.0%	34.5%	21.1%	3.6%	-15.7%	0.0%
40. Rhode Island	1,050,788 (0.3%)	220.1 (0.2%)	0.0	91.2	93.7	0.0	7.4	25.9	1.9
40. Rhode Island	1,050,788 (0.3%)	220.1 (0.2%)	0.0%	41.4%	42.6%	0.0%	3.4%	11.8%	0.9%
41. South Carolina	4,479,800 (1.5%)	1,695.5 (1.7%)	445.5	175.9	545.4	541.1	107.8	-156.0	0.0
41. South Carolina	4,479,800 (1.5%)	1,695.5 (1.7%)	26.3%	10.4%	32.2%	31.9%	6.4%	-9.2%	0.0%
42. South Dakota	804,194 (0.3%)	350.2 (0.4%)	43.1	64.6	113.9	0.0	84.0	44.6	0.0
42. South Dakota	804,194 (0.3%)	350.2 (0.4%)	12.3%	18.4%	32.5%	0.0%	24.0%	12.7%	0.0%
43. Tennessee	6,214,888 (2.0%)	2,261.1 (2.3%)	643.8	238.5	741.0	282.5	145.1	210.2	0.0
43. Tennessee	6,214,888 (2.0%)	2,261.1 (2.3%)	28.5%	10.5%	32.8%	12.5%	6.4%	9.3%	0.0%
44. Texas	24,326,974 (8.0%)	11,552.2 (11.6%)	1,605.9	3,656.2	5,433.3	425.7	349.1	82.0	-0.2
44. Texas	24,326,974 (8.0%)	11,552.2 (11.6%)	13.9%	31.6%	47.0%	3.7%	3.0%	0.7%	0.0%
45. Utah	2,736,424 (0.9%)	799.4 (0.8%)	395.9	237.4	286.8	0.0	23.6	-144.3	-0.1
45. Utah	2,736,424 (0.9%)	799.4 (0.8%)	49.5%	29.7%	35.9%	0.0%	3.0%	-18.1%	0.0%
46. Vermont	621,270 (0.2%)	154.4 (0.6%)	0.0	8.7	79.5	51.2	24.8	-18.0	8.3
46. Vermont	621,270 (0.2%)	154.4 (0.6%)	0.0%	5.6%	51.5%	33.2%	16.1%	-11.7%	5.4%
47. Virginia	7,769,089 (2.6%)	2,513.7 (2.5%)	415.1	310.7	915.1	292.0	137.7	443.2	0.0
47. Virginia	7,769,089 (2.6%)	2,513.7 (2.5%)	16.5%	12.4%	36.4%	11.6%	5.5%	17.6%	0.0%
48. Washington	6,549,224 (2.2%)	2,050.2 (2.1%)	94.6	307.2	786.0	96.9	899.8	-109.4	-24.8
48. Washington	6,549,224 (2.2%)	2,050.2 (2.1%)	4.6%	15.0%	38.3%	4.7%	43.9%	-5.3%	1.2%
49. West Virginia	1,814,468 (0.6%)	830.8 (0.8%)	955.6	119.7	268.6	0.0	25.8	-539.0	0.0
49. West Virginia	1,814,468 (0.6%)	830.8 (0.8%)	115.0%	14.4%	32.3%	0.0%	3.1%	-64.9%	0.0%
50. Wisconsin	5,627,967 (1.9%)	1,862.4 (1.9%)	480.7	415.0	580.9	127.1	147.7	111.1	0.0
50. Wisconsin	5,627,967 (1.9%)	1,862.4 (1.9%)	25.8%	22.3%	31.2%	6.8%	7.9%	6.0%	0.0%
51. Wyoming	532,668 (0.2%)	541.6 (0.5%)	500.1	147.1	177.3	0.0	21.6	-304.5	-0.1
51. Wyoming	532,668 (0.2%)	541.6 (0.5%)	92.3%	27.2%	32.7%	0.0%	4.0%	56.2%	0.0%
US Total	304,059,724 (100%) Population (% of US population)	99,382.1 (100%) Total Energy Use (Trillion Btu) (% of total US energy use)	22,384.9 (22.5%)	23,785.1 (23.9%)	37,280.2 (37.5%)	8,427.3 (8.5%)	7,351.5 (7.4%)	0.0 (0%)	112.4 (0.1%)
US Total	304,059,724 (100%) Population (% of US population)		Coal	Natural Gas	Oil	Nuclear	Renewable1	Net Gains/ Losses2	Net Electricity Imports

Source: US Energy Information Agency (EIA), "Energy Consumption Estimates by Source and End Use Sector, 2008" (81 KB) , June 2010 Footnotes: 1. Includes hydroelectric power, biomass (wood and biomass waste), biofuels (ethanol and biodiesel), geothermal, solar power, and wind power. 2. A positive number in this category indicates that more electricity came into the state than went out of the state during the year; a negative number means that more electricity left the state than the amount that came in (all the percentages in this column take into account the amount of energy lost during the conversion of fuels - such as the conversion of coal to electricity).
III. US Total Energy Use by Source, 2004-2008 (All Btu numbers below taken from US Energy Information Agency)

Energy Source (Quadrillion Btu)	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008

Fossil Fuels
Coal	22.466	22.795	22.452	22.786	22.389
Coal Coke Net Imports	0.138	0.044	0.061	0.025	0.040
Natural Gas	22.931	22.583	22.191	23.625	23.814
Petroleum (Oil)	40.294	40.393	39.958	39.818	37.279
Fossil Fuels Total	85.803	85.816	84.662	86.253	83.532
Percent of US Total	86%	85%	85%	85%	84%

Renewables
Biomass	3.023	3.154	3.374	3.615	3.852
Biofuels	0.513	0.595	0.795	1.018	1.372
Waste 1	0.389	0.403	0.407	0.431	0.436
Wood Derived Fuels	2.121	2.156	2.172	2.165	2.044
Geothermal	0.341	0.343	0.343	0.353	0.360
Hydroelectric Conventional	2.690	2.703	2.869	2.463	2.512
Solar/PV	0.065	0.066	0.072	0.080	0.097
Wind	0.142	0.178	0.264	0.319	0.546
Renewables Total	6.261	6.444	6.922	6.830	7.367
Percent of US Total	6%	6%	7%	7%	7%

Nuclear	8.222	8.106	8.214	8.415	8.427
Percent of US Total	8%	8%	8%	8%	8%

Electricity Net Imports	0.039	0.084	0.063	0.106	0.113
Percent of US Total	0%	0%	0%	0%	1%

US Totals	100.351	100.503	99.861	101.605	99.438
Source: US Energy Information Agency (EIA), "US Energy Consumption by Energy Source, 2004-2008," (9 KB) , Aug. 2010 Footnotes: 1. The totals for waste include landfill gas, municipal solid waste, and other biomass.

IV. Btu Conversion Chart

The US Energy Information Agency (EIA) defines a Btu as "[t]he quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of liquid water by 1 degree Fahrenheit at the temperature at which water has its greatest density (approximately 39 degrees Fahrenheit). According to the EIA "[e]nergy consumption is expressed in Btu to allow for consumption comparisons among fuels that are measured in different units."

For example, renewables such as wind and solar power produce electricity. Electricity is normally measured in a unit called the kilowatthour (kWh) while petroleum (oil) and other liquid fuels are often measured in gallons.

1. Electricity: 1 kilowatthour = 3,421 Btu

2. Natural Gas: 1 cubic foot = 1,028 Btu

3. Oil: 172 million barrels of oil = One quadrillion Btu (1015)

4. Wood: 1 cord (128 cubic feet) = 20 million Btu

V. Additional Reports on Energy

1. US Energy Information Agency (EIA), "Electric Power Sector Consumption Estimates, 2008,"

(81 KB)

, Aug. 2010

2. US Energy Information Agency (EIA), "Transport Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, 2008,"

(80 KB)

, Aug. 2010

3. US Energy Information Agency (EIA), "Industrial Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, 2008,"

(82 KB)

, Aug. 2010

4. US Energy Information Agency (EIA), "Residential Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, 2008,"

(80 KB)

, Aug. 2010

5. US Energy Information Agency (EIA), "Commercial Sector Energy Consumption Estimates, 2008,"

(82 KB)

, Aug. 2010

VI. Related Links

1. Is global oil production at (or past) its peak?

2. Will increased oil drilling help the US solve its energy crisis?

3. How the US Uses Oil

4. Are humans substantially responsible for global climate change today?